Showing posts with label 12 Bar Blues. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 12 Bar Blues. Show all posts

Friday, 3 July 2015

10:44 Yer Blues (pt. 2) Renewing The Blues



According to John Lennon Yer Blues (like I'm So Tired) was part of the “last batch of best songs”* he wrote with the Beatles, even though he also viewed it as a self-conscious attempt at Blues that bordered on parody.

All four members squeezed into “a room about eight by eight, with no separation” next door to the control room to lay down the basic track. So it's probably no surprise such unfriendly working conditions produced such a horrible sounding, badly-played track. Paul is using a Fender Jazz Bass for once but his leaden playing sound like early Alice Cooper at his most witless, George & John's solo are both saddled with super-wobbly 'wasp-in-a-jam-jar' tones. Even the tape edit at 3:17 is obvious and brutal, hacking into the '12 bar' sequence after 10 1/2 bars to splice in an earlier take ruined by clearly audible guide vocals bleeding all over the drum track. Only Ringo escapes with honour, skilfully navigating the time changes like Keith Moon with a restraining order.


But despite the recording and performance being well under-par there's a lot of interesting things in the songwriting itself.

New Blues Hues

One of the biggest challenges in doing blues is to do something new fresh with a well worn, constricted and predictable form.

Lennon tackles this head on by

  • Augmented a straight 4/4 or shuffle with odd time signatures and tempo changes (see the previous post) 
  • Departing from the stock 12 bar chord progressions
  • Substituting cosmically existential, and wittily referential, lyrics for the usual gritty 'here and now' everyday problems


As for chords, a standard blues turnaround in E would be

B7 | A | E | B7

Lennon's turnaround is essentially

G | B7 | E A | E B7

While the lasts two bars are a common substitution, flipping B7 for G and then switching the A with B7 really takes the blues in a new direction (literally, replacing the descending B7 to A with the ascending G to B7).

Lyircally, when people 'wanna die' in the blues, it's usually because of unfaithful partners and bad business deals (plus the occasional brush with the devil at the crossroads). Lennon takes things to a whole new level with lines like

My mother was of the sky
My father was of the earth
But I am of the universe
And you know what it's worth

Note this is the second white album song that is written for Yoko, about Lennon's mother, that mentions the sky.

My Mother was of the sky (Yer Blues)
Her hair of floating sky is shimmering (Julia)

Though it's slightly unusual for a blues to reference a song by another artist it's even rarer for the Beatles to quote anyone other than themselves.

Feel so suicidal just like Dylan's Mr Jones

is a reference to Bob Dylan's "Ballad of a Thin Man" from the Highway 61 Revisited album.

And Finally

Like most blues songs this doesn't use all 7 notes in the key (Ticket 40) and has a static melody over changing chords (usually the I and IV chord) (Ticket 48). The band stopping to emphasise lyrics (1:01) is also common but no less effective for it (Ticket 30)

The guitar lick that is the highpoint of every turnaround is a cool hook that is an irreplaceable part of the song (Ticket 3). Taken in isolation as triads it's

B – A – G#m – Gm – F#m.

If you're looking at it as upper part of the B chord it's

B – B11 – B6 sliding into B9.


*Rolling Stone interview with Jann Wenner (8 Dec 1970)


Links

Monday, 29 June 2015

10:43 Yer Blues (pt. 1) John Got (No) Rhythm



...Or The Art Of The 12.333 Recurring Bar Blues

John was a brilliant rhythm guitarist, despite the fact that he didn't have any real sense of timing

Ringo Starr: Rolling Stone

I dig the people that notice that I have a sort of strange rhythm scene, because I've never been able to keep rhythm on the stage. I always used to get lost. It's me double off-beats

John Lennon: Rolling Stone

John Lennon was too much of a free spirit and had too short of an attention span to be locked down to anything as mundane as a time signature. And for someone like that the only options are to function largely as a solo artist (in the Robert Johnson/John Lee Hooker mould), where you're free to add or subtract beats as you feel, or hope you find a band charmed by your talents and technically able to follow and interpret your whims. Every rhythmical idiot savant needs a group of geniuses with the patience to spot and interpret his genius. In the Beatles Lennon found his perfect support group. Johnny Lennon and the Enablers would have been a great name for the band.

Yer Blues, like Happiness Is A Warm Gun, is an important song because it reveals what Lennon's maverick approach to counting could produce when indulged

The 'fake' count in reveals* Lennon envisioned the song as a very slow 12/8 time. Making it a 6 bar blues. But the 5th bar has two extra 8th notes

12/8   E | E | A | E |
14/8   G B7 |
12/8   E A E B7 |

How you subdivide that 5th bar is up for grabs – 6/8 and 8/8? 12/8 then 2/8? But the genesis is clear. Lennon's just delaying the next bar to allow the guitar lick and the vocal line to finish. This is the essence of the Lennon Extension (Ticket 52). There is a way to keep to 12/8 by slightly overlapping the guitar and vocals. And many bands would have forced their rhythmically challenged singer into it. But all credit to the Beatles for having the guts to their wayward genius be.

So if this is a 6 bar oddity, why does it feel like a 12 bar blues? Well, if you hear it as 6/8 instead of 12 you can immediately see the standard progression take shape.

6/8   E | E | E | E |
6/8   A | A | E | E |
6/8   G |
8/8   B7 |
6/8   E A | E B7 |

Four bars on the tonic (I) chord two on the subdominant (IV) back to the tonic for two (I) then a four bar turnaround. Replace G - B7 with B7 - A and lose the rhythmic shenanigans and we could be playing any of a million blues songs. As it is Lennon adds a 3rd of a bar making this a 12 and 1/3 bar blues, or if you prefer 12.333 recurring bar blues.

In the 3rd and 4th verses Lennon introduces more rhythmic weirdness. The first four bars (sticking to our 12 bar template) switch to double time. Millions of songs double (or halve) time with no sense of crunching gear change.

So 1  +  2  +   3  +  4  +

becomes 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

but in 12/8 or 6/8 each beat is divided into three

1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 + a

so the new double-time beat is falling in between the + and the 'a'. This makes the switch from one to the other very tricky to pull off - kudos to Ringo here who uses his fills in bar four to ease the band back into the half time feel of bars 5-12. In the 5th verse the band never switches back, remaining at the double-time tempo right through the solos.

All this makesYer Blues an important song for using polyrhythms (Ticket 29) and changing time signatures between sections (Ticket 15).

PS

The Ocean by Led Zeppelin has a number of things in common with this song.

  • Odd time signatures
  • A change in feel to straight ahead shuffle after a very noticeable tape edit
  • A reference to old timey music connected with the shuffle (Lennon: “Even hate my rock and roll” Plant: “Doo-wop be dooby dooby”)
  • Ending in a fade out (rare for Zep – very rare for Beatles)
  • A vocal count in

* Lennon's count in is the third fake one we've come across – both I Saw Her Standing There and Taxman have count-ins spliced in from different takes just for effect.

More on Yer next time...



Links

Monday, 10 December 2012

10:11 I'm So Tired (pt.3)




12 Bar Snooze

One of the great mysteries to me about the Beatles evolution is how a band that cut their teeth playing 12 bar blues covers in Hamburg nightclubs could go on to pen so few 12 bar blues songs themselves. To be sure the influence survived in the bluesy vocal lines and inflections in melodies like From Me To You and She Loves You. But the 12 bars structure seems to be something they outgrew. Or did they? Because a surprising number of tracks that don't appear bluesy from Don't Bother Me to The Fool On The Hill are built on 12 bar sequences (ticket 35).

In I'm So Tired the chorus chord progression clearly owes a debt to the American south

A A A A
D D D D
E E A A

just switch the D's in bars 7 and 8 to A's and you have the most basic 12 bar you can have. But the AABBC rhyme scheme does a great job of disguise the origins.




On the verse

A G#7 D E
A F#m D E
A E+ F#m Dm Dm

we have 13 bars, but the Dm is really nothing more than the Lennon extension (ticket 52). John drags out the sequence merely to add “no no no” in precisely the way that John Lee Hooker or Robert Johnson might stretch a pattern to squeeze in one more fill or phrase.

In the verse, though the chords are a 106 miles from Chicago, the lyrical structure again reflects the blues.

Consider the stock lyrics scheme

“When you got the blues, you repeat the the opening line
I said, when you got the blues, you repeat the the opening line
Then sing something else, just make sure it rhymes”


essentially a three section structure with two parts the same (or similar) followed by one contrasting part. In I'm So Tired we have and 2 lines that start “I'm so tired...” sung over almost the same chord progression twice

A G#7  D E
A F#m D E

followed by a line that contrasts musically and lyrically -

  A                         E+            F#m           Dm
I wonder should I get up and fix myself a drink...

All in all a stellar example for ticket 35 - a non blues 12 bar structure.




Chords and Contrasts


While we're looking at that last line check out the chords. The song has only (!) three out of key chords (ticket 28) but each is an absolute gem. First the Dm in last two bar of the verse is the classic Beatles doo wop chord the minor 4 (iv) a trick so ubiquitous it's earned it's own ticket (ticket 8). Here instead of the doo wop approved progression IV iv I (D to Dm to A) we slam into it from a minor 6 (F#m to Dm to A) which is a progression we ran into last time in Bungalow Bill

He’s the E all-American G bullet-headed Am Saxon mother’s Fm son

Note: the final verse chord in both songs is a iv, both are Lennon songs recorded on the same day. Who says you can't recycle ideas?

You can hear this on She Loves You, You Won't See Me and I Will amongst others.

The other two chords, E augmented (E+) and G#7, both contain C natural which is the only out of key note that appears in the melody. The G#7 is the VII7 chord and is of interest because it's same striking chord Lennon used in Sexy Sadie

I'm So Tired - A G#7 D   E   -  I  VII7  IV  V
Sexy Sadie   -  G  F#7 Bm      -  I  VII7  vi

McCartney did something similar (using the minor version – vii7) on his most famous song

Yesterday - F Em7 A7 Dm - I vii7 III7 vi

Stuart Kidd and I used exactly the same G – F#7 Bm move on our song Sadie's Sister (hey, if you're gonna steal be shameless!) but this time the key is D major renedering the progression

Sadie's Sister - G F#7 Bm - IV III7 vi

which is similar to what Radiohead do in Karma Police

Lastly we have a lot of cool contrasts between sections (ticket 5). The verse has one chord per bar but the chorus spends a long time on each chords. Lyrically the verse states “I'm tired” but the chorus talks about why he's tired. And reflecting that distinction the rhythm of the verse melody is very dragged out with lots of melisma but the chorus is more rhythmic and bursting with nervous mental energy.

Tuesday, 26 July 2011

12:43 John And Yoko Blues (The Ballad Of pt.2)



As I mentioned when I was trashing the Ballad of John and Yoko last time Lennon uses a variation on the 12 bar blues form (though he doesn't do anything interesting songwriting-wise with it)

a normal 12 bar would go

E E E E7
A A E E
B7 B7 E E


whereas Lennon's 16 bar pattern stretches the first four bars

E E E E
E7 E7 E7 E7
A A E E
B7 B7 E E


This is Ticket 19 – write a (non 12) bar blues

A traditional blues has three lines of lyrics, the first line, which is repeated, then followed by an answering line. The Ballad of... has four lines followed by another answering four line refrain.

This is Ticket 34 – write a blues but avoid the AAB lyric structure.



Check out how they messed around with the blues more effectively on Can't Buy Me Love


Friday, 7 May 2010

Breaking The 12 Bar Blues Rules



For a band that played such a large amount of 12 bar blues songs in their early days, The Beatles wrote and recorded relatively few of their own. Often when they did they they departed in some small, but significant way from the standard pattern.

Here's a stock 12 Bar Progression

I  I  I  I
IV IV I  I
V IV  I  V

Which, in the key of C, would look like this -

C C C C
F F C C
G F C G

Compare that to the verse of Can't Buy Me Love

C C C C
F F C C
G F F C

Instead of V IV I V in the last four bars we have V IV IV I.

Subtle.

Delaying the root chord (C) keeps you hanging on and creates a bit of extra interest (because you weren't expecting it) and means the chords resolve on the word love rather than money.

Chuck Berry was a massive influence on the group, and Roll Over Beethoven (covered on With The Beatles) also adapts the 12 bar formula.

I     IV  I  I
IV  IV  I  I
IV  V   I  I

As well the IV substitution in bar 2 which is pretty common, he switches IV and V chords around in the 9th and 10th bar.

There's more where that came from, but for now try a 12 bar pattern with one bar altered in some way.

Thanks to 'Old Man' Taylor for corrections